How did all those super giant enormous stone cathedrals, pyramins, buildings in the stone age get built without modern construction cranes?

1. Scaffolding, ramps, pulleys, and wheels.

2. Understanding of basic physics

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First, let's get your terms right.  The Stone Age is ancient history--cave men.  These people built simple objects, such as walls or simple houses, not intricate buildings.

The pyramids were constructed about 4500 years ago, much later, when tools and mechanical devices were commonly used.

Cathedrals and castles were built in the Middle Ages, around 1100-1400 A.D., with tools not so different than those used today.

And most importantly, most the above used hundreds and hundreds of human and animal workers

There is a show on Amazon Prime (might be elsewhere, too, if you look for it) called "Secrets of the Castle" and they talk about how medieval castles and cathedrals were built without modern tools, by visiting a place called Guedelon Castle where they are building an actual castle with nothing but medieval materials and methods. 

https://www.guedelon.fr/en/introduction_75.html 

As for other things, like the pyramids, you could look around google or youtube, there are tons of websites and videos about it. 

Slowly! 

My sister worked for many years in the Congo, where the infrastructure is still pretty primitive.  She said the locals had an old proverb: "You can get anywhere, as long as you're willing to travel slowly enough."

In other words, you may not be able to get to some of the remote areas by highway, but you can get there if you walk or take a donkey. 

The ancient builders operated on the same principle.  With enough manpower, ramps, pulleys, etc -- and enough time -- you can get just about anything done.

They did not have the crane as an option, so they brought in extra guys and kept working.  Some of those cathedrals took 100+ years to build.  They weren't done quickly.  Perseverance really works.

1. Scaffolding, ramps, pulleys, and wheels.

2. Understanding of basic physics

The ancients knew how to build hydraulic Chambers and then fill them with liquid mercury and use the heat of the Sun to lift extremely heavy weights