travel adapter?

Absolutely nothing.

Other types of chargers are desktop chargers and mobile chargers.

A travel adapter typically has more than one plug in so that you can use it in different countries, as different countries have different styles of plug ins.

Outlets aren't the same everywhere. They take a different type of plug depending upon what country you're in. You'll need an adapter to convert the type of plug you have to fit the outlets in the country you're going to or visiting. If you don't travel to other countries you don't need a travel adapter. This site shows the different types of plugs and explains where they're used:

https://www.worldstandards.eu/electricity/plugs-an...

A travel one has different prongs so it’ll fit into different electrical plugs. The ones that you buy in the United States only fits outlets in the US.